ACNE
What are the main causes of acne?
What are the things that often make acne worse?
What are some of the tips which you can follow at home to prevent acne?
What are the acne treatments available at Dr. Kapoors clinic?
PIGMENTATION
What are the types of increased pigmentation?
What is the treatment at The Esthetic Clinic for skin pigmentation problems?
ROSACEA
ATOPIC DERMATITIS
DRY SKIN AND RELATED CONDITIONS
KELOIDS
BENIGN SKIN TUMORS
What is syringoma?
HAIR FALL
ACNE
What is acne?
Acne is a skin disorder of the pilosebaceous unit, which is made up of a sebaceous (oil) gland and a hair.
Acne may manifest as whiteheads to blackheads (comedones), to red bumps, pustules and even large cysts on the skin.
What are the main causes of acne?
What are the things that often make acne worse?
What are some of the tips which you can follow at home to prevent acne?
What are the acne treatments available at Dr. Kapoors clinic?
A variety of expert skin treatments are available for treating acne as well as post acne complications.
Before treatment
After treatment
PIGMENTATION
What is Skin Pigmentation?
Pigmentation is the result of abnormal production and accumulation in the layers of the skin, of color pigment which is melanin.
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What are the types of increased pigmentation?
Birthmarks
Tattoo
Under eye dark circles
Photopigmentation – Due to chronic sun exposure.
Post inflammatory pigmentation – Due to healing of acne, eczema, post trauma scars etc.
Drug induced pigmentation
Allergic / irritant reaction to strong fragrances/ cosmetics.
What is the treatment at The Esthetic Clinic for skin pigmentation problems?
In general,
Use a mild face wash and body wash with skin pH.
Use a broad spectrum sunscreen of spf 30 or more daily twice even if you are indoors.
Follow your dermatologist’s advice to find the cause of your problem and its appropriate solution.
Avoid prolonged sun exposure, use a broad spectrum sunscreen regularly and follow the skin lightening regimen prescribed to you.
Regular use of broad spectrum sunscreen and sun avoidance, bleaching creams.
It is best controlled with the regular use of broad spectrum sunscreens, sun avoidance and lightening creams. For stubborn cases –
ROSACEA
What is it?
Rosacea is a chronic disorder that affects men and women anytime in their teens, upto fifties. It is characterized by redness of central area of face which may be accompanied by pimples and red bumps.
What is the cause?
It is a complex condition, the exact cause of which is unknown. They have highly sensitive skins specially the blood vessels. This sensitivity causes them to dilate and increase the blood flow to the skin. This increased blood flow may in turn lead to broken capillaries and a pimple crops up.
What can trigger it?
These are some of the triggering factors. You will have to find out which ones cause the flushing in you.
What to do to prevent and treat rosacea?
What are the treatments available at Dr. Kapoor’s clinic for rosacea?
ATOPIC DERMATITIS
What is it?
The adjective ‘atopic’ designates a group of allergic or associated diseases that often occur in several members of the same family. It is an inherited condition. The manifestations include:
It affects about 3-5% of the population
How does it present?
The disease occurs at all ages but mainly from infancy to young adulthood. The lesions are excruciatingly itchy.
Infancy: It is called infantile eczema in infancy. It is characterized by itching, oozing and crusting dermatitis that tends to be localized commonly to the face and scalp, though less commonly to other sites.
Adults: It characteristically involves creases of the skin such as the bend of the elbow, backs of the knees, the wrist, earlobes, eyelids, and often the neck and face. The lesions tend to be dry, brownish gray, scaly and thickened. The thickened skin shows accentuated skin markings and there is intense, almost unbearable itching.
What can aggravate it?
What are the treatments available?
DRY SKIN AND RELATED CONDITIONS
Dry skin is a common condition that can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or skin type. Dry skin results from depletion of natural oils produced by the skin and subsequent loss of water from the outer layers of skin. When dry, your skin is more prone to environmental assaults, such as chemical irritants and infections. It can also result in significant itching. If you have been diagnosed with dry skin, it is important to follow the following instructions, developed to restore your skin’s natural barrier function.
Take brief lukewarm baths or showers. Avoid hot water. Remember, if there is mist on your bath mirror, the water is too hot.
Use soaps and body washes sparingly. By using too much soap, you are washing off your skin’s protective oils. Use soap and body wash only in areas that need it, such as armpits, groin, and feet. The rest of the body is adequately cleansed with water alone. Consider switching to milder fragrance free soaps such as Dove for sensitive skin, purpose, basis or kiss my face pure olive oil soaps.
Do not use a sponge, washcloth or loofah for cleansing in order to avoid further irritation to the skin
Dry the skin by patting it with a soft towel. Avoid rubbing.
Apply a moisturiser immediately after towel drying, while the skin is still damp. This locks in moisture, helping to restore your skin’s natural function. Avoid the use of fragranced moisturizers, as they may further irritate your skin. White petroleum jelly is very effective but maybe too greasy for everyday use. If so, consider products like Eucerin, Aveeno or Lubriderm.
Dry ambient conditions may worsen your dry skin. In the winter consider using humidifiers throughout your house.
If you have been prescribed additional medicines for your condition, make sure to follow directions for their use. Make sure to follow up as scheduled, so that the condition of the skin can be properly monitored until the skin’s natural appearance and function are restored.
KELOIDS
What are keloids?
Keloids are raised overgrowths of scar tissue that occur at the site of a skin injury. They occur where trauma, surgery, blisters, vaccination, acne or body piercing have injured the skin. Less commonly, keloids may form in places where the skin has not had a visible injury. Keloids differ from normal mature scars in composition and size. Some people are prone to keloids formation and may develop them in several places.
What causes keloids?
No one knows why keloids form. Although most persons never form keloids, others develop them after minor injuries or even after insect bites or after acne bumps resolve.
Keloids may form on any part of the body, although ears, upper chest, back, and shoulders are especially prone to keloids formation. Persons with darker skin form keloids more easily than those with lighter skin, although anyone can form a keloid. Keloids never turn into skin cancer.
What is the treatment available at Dr. Kapoor’s clinic?
Keloids can be difficult to treat. Keloids are scar tissue, and it is important to realise that you can never change a scar back to normal skin.
The goal in treating keloids is to:
Diminish any pain, diminish any itching, and flatten the lesion so that it is more like the surrounding normal skin.
The doctor has to decide your treatment.
BENIGN SKIN TUMORS
What are benign skin tumours?
Benign skin tumours are growths caused by abnormal proliferation or collection of cells in the skin. These tumours are benign and they do not turn cancerous. Some common benign skin growths are moles, skin tags, and seborrheic keratoses.
What are Moles?
Most moles occur in childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. They are due to abnormal collection of pigment producing cells known as melanocytes in the skin. Most moles are dark, and pigmented but some moles may be lightly pigmented or even flesh coloured. Moles are small (<5 mm) flat and pigmented when they appear, but the clinical appearance changes with the life cycle of the mole. With advancing age, they become raised dome shaped, and often appear lighter. These changes do not signify cancerous changes and except for cosmetic reasons, do not require removal. Occasionally, changed moles may be a cause for concern if they develop irregular borders, bleeding or a sudden increase in size and you should then consult a dermatologist.
What is the treatment for moles?
Moles are often removed on cosmetic grounds. The choice of treatment is surgical excision, radiofrequency excision, laser excision. The mole may be sent for histological examination for confirmation of diagnosis or to rule out atypical mole or cancer. After excision, there will be stitches in place which will be removed after 7-14 days depending on the site of the mole. The mole will be replaced by a thin line scar.
Before
After surgical excision
What are Skin tags?
Skin tags are harmless skin coloured or brown coloured growths which commonly occur on the neck, underarms, groins, and eyelids. They vary in size from less than 1 mm to as large as 10 mm. They are usually asymptomatic and often occur as multiple lesions.
What is the treatment for skin tags?
Skin tags can be easily removed, if so desired, by snip excision and electrocautery, laser excision or radiofrequency excision. This is done under topical anesthesia such as EMLA cream. After the surgery, there will be superficial wounds which heal in 4-7 days. There may be post inflammatory darkening after the wounds heal, but this will usually fade with time, over the next few weeks.
What are Seborrheic keratoses?
These lesions are superficial skin overgrowths which appear in increasing numbers with age. In early lesions, they are brown and slightly raised; however, they may become fairly large and pigmented nodules. They are commonly located on the face and can also be seen on the trunk, groin, and sun exposed areas. Seborrheic keratoses are benign lesions and do not transform into skin cancer.
What is the treatment?
Cosmetic removal of seborrheic keratoses can be performed in various ways depending on the clinical type. Early seborrheic keratoses can be treated with liquid nitrogen. When multiple, they are best treated with electrocautery.
What is syringoma?
Syringomas are benign skin tumours due to abnormal proliferation of sweat ducts in the skin. They are skin coloured papules, often located just below or around the eyes. A family history may be present.
What is the treatment?
Syringomas may be treated with laser or electrocautery. The treatment will flatten the lesion but there is a risk of scarring and recurrence of the lesions following treatment.
HAIR FALL
Hair also known as our ‘Crowning glory’ has been placed with a great deal of social and cultural importance. Unfortunately, any condition, disease or improper hair care, results in excessive hair loss which becomes the main cause of worry for any one of us.
What is the normal hair cycle?
Our scalp is covered with thousands of strands of hair. Each single strand of hair has 3 stages in its entire cycle. The first stage is called Anagen phase and is the main growth phase. The next phase is the resting phase and is called Catagen. The last stage is the shedding off or the hair fall phase called as the Telogen phase.
Normal hair growth is about 90% at a time on a person’s scalp this growth phase lasts for 2-6 year As a hair sheds a new one is replaced from the same follicle. Each hair grows about half an inch per month. And with age the growth rate slows down.
What are the reasons for hair fall and what are the myths surrounding them?